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The Vought SB2U Vindicator is an American carrier-based dive bomber developed for the United States Navy in the 1930s, the first monoplane in this role. Vindicators still remained in service at the time of the Battle of Midway, but by 1943, all had been withdrawn to training units. It was known as the Chesapeake in Royal Navy service. In 1934, the United States Navy issued a requirement for a new Scout Bomber for carrier use, and received proposals from six manufacturers. The specification was issued in two parts, one for a monoplane, and one for a biplane. Vought submitted designs in both categories, which would become the XSB2U-1 and XSB3U-1 respectively. The biplane was considered alongside the monoplane design as a "hedge" against the U.S. Navy's reluctance to pursue the modern configuration. The XSB2U-1 was of conventional low-wing monoplane configuration with a retractable conventional tailwheel landing gear, the pilot and tail gunner being seated in tandem under a long greenhouse-style canopy. The fuselage was of steel tube construction, covered with aluminum panels from the nose to the rear cockpit with a fabric-covered rear fuselage, while the folding cantilever wing was of all-metal construction. A Pratt & Whitney R-1535 Twin-Wasp Junior radial engine drove a two-blade constant-speed propeller, which was intended to act as a dive brake during a dive bombing attack. The use of propeller braking was not entirely successful, and in practice US Navy Vindicators lowered the aircraft's undercarriage to act as a speed brake and dived at shallower angles. A single 1,000 lb (450 kg) bomb could be carried on a swinging trapeze to allow it to clear the propeller in a steep dive, while further bombs could be carried under the wings to give a maximum bombload of 1,500 lb (680 kg). For more details of design and development, operational history and eight variants, click here.

The Tri-R KIS TR-1 is an American homebuilt aircraft that was designed by Rich Trickel and produced by Tri-R Technologies of Oxnard, California, introduced in the 1990s. When it was available the aircraft was supplied as a kit for amateur construction. Trickel's main business was High Tech Composites, a company that produced many airframe components under sub-contract for kit aircraft such as the Lancair 235, Lancair 320 and Lancair IV. Trickel originally drew a new aircraft as a set of three-views for a customer in Australia who was looking for a new, conventional aircraft concept. The customer liked the design, but never paid for the drawings, so Trickel brought them home and completed the design work himself. Eventually the new design became the KIS TR-1. The KIS TR-1 features a cantilever low-wing, a two-seats-in-side-by-side configuration enclosed cockpit accessed via gull-wing doors, fixed tricycle landing gear or optionally conventional landing gear with wheel pants and a single engine in tractor configuration. The aircraft is made from composites. Its 23.00 ft (7.0 m) span rectangular wing employs a NACA 63-215 airfoil, mounts flaps and has a wing area of 88.00 sq ft (8.175 m2). The acceptable power range is 80 to 125 hp (60 to 93 kW) and the standard engines used are the 125 hp (93 kW) Continental O-240, the 108 hp (81 kW) Lycoming O-235-C1B or the 80 hp (60 kW) Limbach L2000 powerplant. The KIS TR-1 has a typical empty weight of 750 lb (340 kg) and a gross weight of 1,300 lb (590 kg), giving a useful load of 550 lb (250 kg). With full fuel of 20 U.S. gallons (76 L; 17 imp gal) the payload for the pilot, passenger and baggage is 430 lb (200 kg). The standard day, sea level, no wind, take off with a 125 hp (93 kW) engine is 600 ft (183 m) and the landing roll is 1,200 ft (366 m). Variants KIS TR-1 (Specifications below) Original model with tricycle landing gear and a gross weight of 1,300 lb (590 kg). By 1998 the company reported that 25 aircraft were completed and flying. In March 2014 ten examples were registered in the United States with the Federal Aviation Administration, although a total of 13 had been registered at one time.[3] Also in March 2014 there were seven registered in the United Kingdom with the CAA. KIS TR-1/TD Conventional landing gear-equipped version ("Taildragger"), with an empty weight of 800 lb (360 kg) and a gross weight of 1,425 lb (646 kg). Fuel is 34 U.S. gallons (130 L; 28 imp gal). By 1998 the company reported that eight aircraft were completed and flying. The manufacturer estimated the construction time from the supplied kit as 1000 hours. Tri-KIS TR-1/TD